Seller details matter
The website name may differ from the entity that received payment and owes delivery.
Order status is not title
“Reserved” or “shipped” does not by itself prove ownership passed.
Separate remedies
Refund, delivery of an identified item and a quality claim require different evidence.
Who is responsible?
| Participant | Check | Typical error |
|---|---|---|
| Seller | Offer, receipt, tax ID and order card | Claim only against the domain owner |
| Marketplace operator | Contractual and payment role | Treat every platform as the seller |
| Payment provider or bank | Recipient, purpose and operation status | Demand the seller’s whole debt from an intermediary |
| Warehouse or fulfilment operator | Possession and storage agreement | Confuse item location with refund liability |
| Carrier | Acceptance, delivery and loss | Shift a dispute about non-existent goods to the carrier |
Order-stage matrix
| Stage | Establish | Possible route |
|---|---|---|
| Paid, no item allocated | Amount, deadline and seller | Monetary insolvency claim |
| Specific item at warehouse | SKU/serial number, owner and custodian | Review a demand for delivery of the item |
| Handed to carrier | Risk allocation and actual delivery | Separate seller and carrier claims |
| Delivered with defect | Defect, timing, evidence and defendant | Selected consumer-law remedy |
| Funds only authorised | Authorisation and settlement status | Clarify the payment operation first |
Distance sale and insolvency
Article 26.1 of the Russian Consumer Protection Law governs distance selling, while insolvency adds procedural rules for filing and satisfying monetary claims. A right to reject goods is not a guarantee of immediate repayment from the insolvency estate. Business purchases require a separate applicability review.
Buyer action plan
Capture the order page
Save the offer, description, price, seller, date and promised deadline.
Trace the money
Obtain the receipt and statement; identify the recipient and operation status.
Locate the item
Check the warehouse, serial number, shipment, carrier and identification.
Check the case
Review the legal registry, EFRSB and commercial court docket.
Separate remedies
Calculate price, delivery, defects, penalty and loss under their own grounds.
Frequently asked questions
Can a paid item be demanded from the warehouse?
Sometimes, but ownership or another proprietary basis, item identification and location must be proved. Payment alone may be insufficient.
Must the marketplace refund the buyer?
Only if its liability follows from law, contract and actual role. A platform is not always the seller.
Will the bank reverse a completed payment?
Not automatically. Operation status, payment-instrument rules and a lawful return basis must be established.
Must the buyer wait for a bankruptcy judgment?
No. Evidence and case notices should be preserved and checked at an early stage.
Primary legal sources
- Russian Consumer Protection Law, Article 26.1
- Russian Retail Sale Rules, Resolution No. 2463
- Russian Civil Code — sale and transfer of title
- Russian Bankruptcy Law No. 127-FZ
- EFRSB insolvency notices
Related guides
Marketplace bankruptcy · Marketplace seller bankruptcy · Supplier bankruptcy
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