The account is held by the parent, but the money may be intended for the child. Maintenance, survivor pension, child benefits and gifts must be assessed separately. Establish the source, beneficiary, purpose and a continuous bank trail for the amount in question.
The beneficiary matters
The award decision identifies the person the payment is intended to support.
The account is not decisive
A credit to the parent’s card does not always make the money the parent’s income.
A continuous trail
Connect the award, payment instruction, statement and remaining balance.
Map the sources
| Source | Purpose evidence | Practical risk |
|---|---|---|
| Child maintenance | Agreement, judgment and payment description | Unlabelled transfers resemble support for the parent |
| Child benefit | Benefit award and income-type code | Mixing with ordinary card receipts |
| Survivor pension | Award decision and bank statement | Cash withdrawals without a spending record |
| Gift to the child | Agreement or unambiguous transfer description | Unclear identity of the intended donee |
Plenum Resolution No. 48 states that payments intended to support other persons, including child maintenance and several child social payments, do not enter the debtor’s bankruptcy estate. The traced balance still needs evidence.
Money-trail self-check
Tick each proven link.
Practical sequence
Separate the sources
List maintenance, benefits, pension and gifts independently.
Obtain the basis
Keep the judgment, agreement or benefit award.
Export the full statement
Show sender, purpose, amount and later transactions.
Calculate the balance
Do not claim an amount once the link to the protected source is lost.
Submit the records
Give the financial manager an explanation and apply to court if required.
Establish the specific remaining balance
Conditional example: RUB 20,000 of child benefit reaches a separate account, RUB 6,000 is spent on the child with supporting records, and there are no other transactions. The balance is RUB 14,000. Identify that balance on a particular date in the request rather than the original RUB 20,000.
If salary, inter-account transfers or cash withdrawals also appear, simple subtraction is insufficient. Prepare a transaction chronology, attach statements for every account involved and explain which spending concerns the child. A separate account makes proof easier but is not a substitute for evidence.
A gift and a social benefit have different legal bases
Family Code Article 60 distinguishes child and parent property. Prove that a gift was made to the child; a transfer memo alone does not make it a public benefit. Obtain separate award records for a child’s pension and supplement.
Related issues: payments for a disabled child and subsistence funds for the debtor and dependants.
Family Code Article 60 and paragraph 1 of Plenum Resolution No. 48 checked on 21 October 2026.
Frequently asked questions
Are all transfers from the other parent maintenance?
No. An agreement, judgment, regular pattern and payment data are relevant.
Can child money be kept on a salary card?
It may be credited there, but mixed funds make tracing much harder.
Is a grandparent’s transfer automatically the child’s gift?
The intended recipient and the donor’s evidence matter. A transfer to the parent may be interpreted differently.
Should these receipts be hidden?
No. Disclose them and evidence why they are intended for the child.
Official and primary sources
- Russian Bankruptcy Law No. 127-FZ
- Russian Supreme Court Plenum Resolution No. 48
- Russian Supreme Court personal bankruptcy review
- Federal Tax Service personal bankruptcy guidance
Related guides
Money in bankruptcy · Asset realization · Russian personal bankruptcy guide
Need to evidence a child’s money?
We can reconstruct the source, purpose, transaction trail and remaining balance.
INITIAL CONSULTATIONInformation updated on 2 September 2026. This guide is not individual legal advice.