A company’s property in Russian bankruptcy must first be identified, evidenced and separated from third-party assets. The inventory reconciles accounting records with physical assets, receivables, security rights and property held by others. Only then can the estate be valued, sold and used for creditor distributions.
Look beyond the balance sheet
Real estate, vehicles, equipment, stock, cash, receivables, shares, IP and assets held by third parties are checked.
Reconcile documents and facts
Registers, contracts, primary records, extracts and physical condition must explain each item and discrepancy.
Statutory disclosure deadlines apply
A company inventory is generally due in three months and its results are disclosed within three business days.
Quick self-check
- Obtain the court order opening liquidation proceedings.
- Collect ledgers, fixed-asset registers and stock records.
- Obtain land, vehicle, tax, bank and rights-register extracts.
- Arrange physical inspection, counting and condition evidence.
- Separate owned, third-party, secured and excluded assets.
Deadline and Required Output
Article 129(2) of Federal Law No. 127-FZ requires the inventory to be completed no later than three months after liquidation proceedings open. A court may allow a longer period on a reasoned application where the asset volume is substantial.
The results must be disclosed in the Unified Bankruptcy Register within three business days after completion. The list should allow creditors to understand the estate and decide on valuation and sale.
Scope of the Inventory
Article 131 includes all company property existing when liquidation opens and property identified later. The review therefore covers tangible objects and property rights.
- land, buildings and premises;
- vehicles, equipment, stock and finished goods;
- bank accounts, cash, deposits and securities;
- receivables and contractual rights;
- shares, interests and intellectual property;
- assets leased, stored or held by counterparties.
Testing Ownership and Existence
The balance sheet is only a starting point. Records are reconciled with contracts, deeds, public and corporate registers, bank statements and physical inspection. Each discrepancy needs an explanation and follow-up action.
Inventory, Valuation and Estate Scope
The inventory answers what exists, where it is and who owns it. Valuation answers what it is worth where required. Estate formation additionally excludes assets that the law does not make available for creditor distributions.
After disclosure, a creditor or authority holding more than two per cent of registered claims may demand a valuer for specified assets within the ten-business-day Article 139 period.
Handling Discrepancies
A shortage, unrecorded item or title dispute requires evidence and a separate route: requests, searches, preservation, collection of receivables, recovery of an object or court determination. An inventory entry does not replace title evidence.
- describe the asset and identifiers;
- record its condition and location;
- identify title and security documents;
- arrange responsible custody;
- state the discrepancy and next action;
- link the asset to valuation and sale rules.
| Stage | Core question | Output |
|---|---|---|
| Search | Which assets and rights may belong to the debtor? | Requests, extracts, ledgers and candidate list |
| Physical inventory | What exists and in what condition? | Schedules, reports, photographs and discrepancies |
| Legal classification | Does the debtor own it and is it in the estate? | Owned, third-party and excluded classifications |
| Valuation | What is the asset worth? | Valuation report or another statutory price basis |
| Sale | How should maximum value be obtained? | Sale rules, notices, auction or permitted alternative |
Frequently Asked Questions
Which company assets enter the bankruptcy estate?
As a rule, all property and property rights held when liquidation proceedings open or identified later, excluding third-party assets and items that the law keeps outside the estate.
Is the period always exactly three months?
Three months is the general maximum, but the court may allow longer where the volume of property is substantial.
Must results be disclosed?
Yes. The results are entered in the Unified Bankruptcy Register within three business days after completion.
Is inventory the same as valuation?
No. Inventory establishes existence, scope and ownership; valuation determines value.
Are receivables included?
Yes. Claims are assets and are tested against contracts, primary records, judgments and calculations.
How is third-party property handled?
It is identified and separated from the estate; return depends on title documents and the basis of possession.
Official Sources
- Unified Bankruptcy Register.
- Article 129 of Federal Law No. 127-FZ.
- Article 131 of Federal Law No. 127-FZ.
- Article 139 of Federal Law No. 127-FZ.
Related guides: asset valuation, sale without an auction and bankruptcy auctions.
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BOOK AN INITIAL CONSULTATIONThis material is general information as at 28 August 2026. The required steps depend on the asset type, records, specialist registers and case-specific facts.