Short answer: a written receipt can help prove that money was lent and on what terms, but its evidential value depends on the wording and the circumstances of transfer. It is best prepared when the money is handed over and the original is kept safely.
What a loan receipt should say
Identify both parties, the amount in figures and words, the currency, date and place. The document should clearly state that money was received and must be repaid. If the parties agree a due date, repayment method or interest, those terms should also be expressed unambiguously.
How to document the transfer
A receipt is stronger when supported by other evidence: a bank transfer, a clear payment reference, correspondence and documents showing the source of funds. For cash, sign the receipt at the time of transfer and keep the original with the lender until the obligation has been performed.
Partial and full repayment
Each repayment should be recorded separately, for example by a receipt confirming payment, a note on the original document or a transfer with a clear reference. After full repayment, the lender should return the original debt document or confirm performance in writing. This reduces disputes about the balance.
If the borrower does not repay
Before going to court, check the repayment date, the wording of the receipt, transfer evidence and correspondence. A demand for repayment and the calculation should reflect the actual terms of the document. The prospects depend on the complete body of evidence, not merely on a document labelled “receipt”.
In August 2026, the Supreme Court of Russia explained that a receipt may evidence an obligation to repay a loan; the contents and circumstances are assessed in the particular case. Official Supreme Court notice.
Bring these documents to a consultation
Bring the original receipt, proof of transfers or cash delivery, correspondence, evidence of partial repayments and information about the borrower. This allows an assessment of the evidence and next steps without promising an outcome.