AFTER BANKRUPTCY
Find the final order and identify the agreement and basis for collection. Then address the debt record and any communication violations separately.
Legal provisions checked on 6 September 2026.
After Bankruptcy First Check Whether This Particular Debt Was Discharged
| Cause | Record | Response |
|---|---|---|
| Creditor error | Final order | Written correction request |
| Post-case assignment | Notice and title chain | Request basis |
| Debt preserved by court | Operative order | Check amount |
| Current liability | Origination date | Calculate separately |
| Fraudulent call | Identity check | Do not disclose data |
Read the entire final order
“Case completed” does not always discharge every liability.
Request a written calculation
Require agreement, succession and balance details.
Send completion evidence
Retain delivery and the organization’s response.
Completion does not necessarily discharge this particular debt
For judicial bankruptcy, Article 213.28(3) of Federal Law No. 127-FZ establishes the general discharge rule. Read the court’s actual conclusion on release from obligations, not just the order’s heading. Check whether a separate order denied discharge and whether the claim falls within an exception.
Unpaid current liabilities, alimony, claims for harm to life or health and other statutory personal claims may survive; special exceptions also cover certain subsidiary-liability and damages claims. New obligations arising after the procedure do not disappear because of earlier bankruptcy. Completion alone therefore does not establish the status of every debt: examine its basis and period.
If the procedure was through an MFC
Check the completion entry in the insolvency register, the application and creditor list rather than looking for a court order. Under Article 223.6, unlisted claims are not discharged. Where the declared amount was below the actual debt, relief is limited to the declared amount; statutory exceptions also apply. Do not automatically apply the judicial procedure’s rules for unfiled claims to out-of-court bankruptcy.
What to send the creditor or collector
Use the organization’s verified address. Identify the agreement, court case or out-of-court procedure, completion date and discharge, attaching the relevant documents. Ask it to check the debt record, stop unfounded recovery and provide a written result. If it considers the claim preserved, request the precise legal basis, period, balance calculation and authority documents.
Do not pay or sign a new repayment schedule merely to stop calls before the claim is checked. Do not disclose verification codes or card details. Send document copies to an identified organization rather than an unknown caller.
Example: an old loan transferred to another organization
After discharge of an ordinary bank loan, a new collector demands the same balance, saying it bought a debt portfolio. The change of creditor does not itself undo the bankruptcy outcome. Match the agreement and amount, and send the discharge order and objections promptly: Article 386 of the Civil Code requires known grounds of objection to be communicated within a reasonable time after notification of assignment.
Calls during the procedure and unlawful communication
Article 7(1)(1) of Federal Law No. 230-FZ prohibits collector-initiated direct interaction from the ruling that finds the bankruptcy application justified and introduces restructuring, or from the declaration of bankruptcy. Merely filing the application is not the same event. Distinguish telephone collection from court notices and other documents.
For an FSSP complaint, record dates, numbers, the organization and the substance of demands. Attach the relevant order, your earlier notice and delivery evidence. Assess the claim itself separately from the communication method. Report threats of violence to the police as well; call 112 if there is immediate danger.
If a court document arrives
A collector complaint or correspondence does not replace procedural objections or suspend deadlines. Identify the court and agreement involved and submit bankruptcy documents in time. If funds have already been debited, separately establish the legal basis and available challenge or repayment route.
Post-Completion File
First steps after the case · Collectors during the procedure
Frequently asked questions
Does selling the debt reverse discharge?
Assignment alone does not reverse release from an obligation. Verify that the demand concerns the debt covered by discharge and promptly provide the new creditor with documented objections.
Can I ignore every letter after bankruptcy?
No. Letters may include court documents or demands concerning surviving or new obligations. Check the sender, agreement, period and response deadlines.
Does a creditor’s failure to join the register mean the debt survived?
Not necessarily. Judicial discharge generally extends to unfiled claims, subject to Article 213.28 exceptions. For out-of-court bankruptcy, the list and amounts in the application have a different role under Article 223.6.
Legal sources
Article 213.28: discharge and exceptions (Russian) · Article 223.6: MFC completion (Russian) · Article 7 of Federal Law No. 230-FZ (Russian) · Civil Code Article 386 (Russian)
Facing another payment demand after bankruptcy?
We can review the final order, agreement and calculation to establish whether the claim survived and how to respond to the collector or court.
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