Russian court personal bankruptcy consists of several procedural stages; there is no single guaranteed statutory completion date. The arbitrazh court first reviews the petition and financial-manager appointment, then applies debt restructuring, asset realisation or approves a settlement. Timing depends on evidence, creditor claims, assets, transactions and disputes.
More than one hearing
Acceptance, merits review, the procedure, distributions and the final order are distinct.
Case-specific
Sales, disputes and missing evidence can extend the case.
Court controls completion
Discharge is separately determined at the end.
Quick self-check
- Confirm territorial jurisdiction and registered residence.
- Prepare the petition and all required attachments.
- Confirm the deposit and other required costs under current rules.
- Monitor the case file and EFRSB notices.
- Provide requested information to the manager without selective omission.
- Review the final order and surviving claims.
1. Filing and Acceptance
The petition is filed with the arbitrazh court at the citizen’s place of residence. The court checks form, attachments and procedure funding and may accept it, leave it without movement, return it or take another statutory step. Sending documents does not itself commence a bankruptcy procedure.
2. Merits Review
The court considers standing, the nature and amount of claims, insolvency indicators, any impermissible outside dispute and the financial-manager nominee. A creditor petition has additional rules explained in the creditor-petition guide.
3. Debt Restructuring
Restructuring seeks to restore solvency under an approved plan. Notices are published, creditors submit claims, the financial manager analyses the citizen’s position and the creditor meeting considers matters within its authority. A plan requires statutory review and court approval.
4. Asset Realisation
If restructuring is not used or does not succeed, the court may declare bankruptcy and open asset realisation. The financial manager forms the estate, reviews assets and transactions, arranges sales and makes distributions. Statutorily protected property is not sold automatically merely because the procedure opened.
5. Completion
The court reviews the manager’s report, distributions and the participants’ positions. It separately decides discharge and Article 213.28 exceptions. A listed hearing date is therefore not a guaranteed discharge date.
- obtain the final order;
- identify discharged and surviving obligations;
- match the order with EFRSB and creditor records;
- retain the orders and notices;
- perform obligations that survive by law.
| Stage | Review | Transition evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Filing | Form, attachments, jurisdiction and funding | Court order |
| Merits | Claims and insolvency indicators | Procedure-opening order or other result |
| Claims | Composition and amount of claims | Claim rulings |
| Restructuring/realisation | Income, assets, transactions and distributions | Orders and reports |
| Completion | Report, conduct and exceptions | Final order |
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does court bankruptcy take?
There is no universal period. It depends on the procedure, assets, claims and disputes.
May the citizen ask for immediate asset realisation?
A request may be made where justified, but the court determines the procedure.
Must the citizen attend every hearing?
Participation format and required attendance depend on the case and court directions.
Does having no assets guarantee a quick discharge?
No. The financial position, transactions and conduct still require review.
When does enforcement stop?
Consequences depend on the opened procedure and claim type; check the order and Articles 213.11 or 213.25.
Official Sources
- Federal Law No. 127-FZ.
- Federal Tax Service: citizen bankruptcy.
- Supreme Court review dated 18 June 2025, amended in 2026.
- Arbitrazh Case File.
- Bankruptcy Register.
The general guide compares routes; the free document builder assists preparation; creditor registration is covered separately.
Need to Identify the Current Stage?
We can review orders, notices, the claim register and the next procedural step.
BOOK AN INITIAL CONSULTATIONGeneral information as at 29 August 2026. The applicable route depends on the debts, applicant status, assets, evidence and court orders; discharge is not guaranteed.